Review on Electrical Conductivity in Food, the Case in Fruits and Vegetables
Issue:
Volume 4, Issue 4, December 2020
Pages:
80-89
Received:
1 September 2020
Accepted:
19 September 2020
Published:
23 November 2020
Abstract: Electrical conductivity in food and agricultural products is gaining attentions in response to ohmic heating and pulsed electric field processing, the newly emerging food processing technologies. Electrical conductivity of agricultural product is the ability of the products to conduct electric current. This paper is intended to review the electrical conductivity in foods in general and fruits and vegetables in particular. For this review to take its form, different articles, books and other possible sources have been reviewed, cited and acknowledged. So, this paper has been enriched by composition of the finding of different authors and researcher. Since measurement of electrical conductivity has number of application in agricultural products and food processing, methods of measuring this property is important. Measurement of electrical conductivity can be through dielectric analysis and electrical impendence spectroscopy measurement. In dielectric analysis high frequency area (100 MHz - 10 GHz) is used and this has an application in moisture determination and bulk density measurement. In electrical impendence spectroscopy, the range of frequency is from 100Hz to 10MHZ and is simple and easier techniques used to evaluate physiological status of various biological tissues. There are factors affecting electrical conductivity of agricultural products; electrical conductivity is reported by different authors to be increasing with temperature, field strength, and storage duration until the product is over ripe in case of fruits and vegetables. Plus, conductivity also found decreasing with increasing sugar content. The decrease in firmness of fruits and vegetables is related to increase in its conductivity. The nature of product and way of applying electricity is also other factors affecting conductivity. Electrical conductivity has number of application in foods, fruits and vegetable industries. However, still much work is expected for the utilization of its high potentials application.
Abstract: Electrical conductivity in food and agricultural products is gaining attentions in response to ohmic heating and pulsed electric field processing, the newly emerging food processing technologies. Electrical conductivity of agricultural product is the ability of the products to conduct electric current. This paper is intended to review the electrica...
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A Summary of Producing Acetoin by Biological Method
Hui Xu,
Ying Cui,
Yanjun Tian,
Shanshan Wang,
Kunfu Zhu,
Siduo Zhou,
Yanhong Huang,
Qiangzhi He,
Yanlei Han,
Liping Liu,
Wenjing Li,
Lei Zhu,
Guozheng Jiang,
Jianjun Liu
Issue:
Volume 4, Issue 4, December 2020
Pages:
90-103
Received:
27 October 2020
Accepted:
11 November 2020
Published:
30 November 2020
Abstract: Acetoin (3-hydroxy-2-butanone) is an important frankincense flavor and 4-carbon platform compound, which is widely used in food, daily chemical, chemical and pharmaceutical industries. With the continuous improvement of people's living standards, it has proposed more food safety High requirements. At present, the US JM Company, German BASF Company and Japan's Xinda Company mainly produce 3-hydroxybutanone in the world. At present, its production method is mainly based on chemical synthesis. The process has serious pollution, complex process, unstable product quality, and limited raw material sources. Biological method has abundant raw material sources and can be regenerated, environmentally friendly process, mild conditions, and products. High quality and other advantages have attracted attention. At present, there is no report on the scale production of 3-hydroxybutanone by biological method at home and abroad. Coming from the pressures of population, resources, environment, etc., the traditional chemical industry using fossil resources as raw materials is bound to be gradually replaced by new and environmentally friendly biochemical industries using renewable resources as raw materials. Carrying out environmentally friendly, abundant sources of raw materials, mild conditions, products can be regarded as pure natural microbial fermentation technology to produce 3-hydroxybutanone technology has broad prospects for promotion and application. This article summarizes the research status of the production of 3-hydroxybutanone by biological methods, including 3-hydroxybutanone producing strains, 3-hydroxybutanone synthesis pathway, 3-hydroxybutanone decomposition pathway, metabolic mechanism and related enzymes, metabolic regulation Mechanism and efficient accumulation strategy of 3-hydroxybutanone.
Abstract: Acetoin (3-hydroxy-2-butanone) is an important frankincense flavor and 4-carbon platform compound, which is widely used in food, daily chemical, chemical and pharmaceutical industries. With the continuous improvement of people's living standards, it has proposed more food safety High requirements. At present, the US JM Company, German BASF Company ...
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