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Risk Assessment of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons Concentration in Cold Smoked Mullet Fish (Mugil cephalus)
Nabil El-Sayed Hafiz,
Awad Abd-El-Tawab Mahmoud,
Sayed Mekawy Ibrahim,
Hassan Rabea Mohamed,
Adel Ammar El-Lahamy
Issue:
Volume 3, Issue 1, March 2019
Pages:
1-5
Received:
19 January 2019
Accepted:
27 February 2019
Published:
22 April 2019
Abstract: The purpose of this work was to determine the concentration and risk assessment of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) in cold-smoked mullet fish samples which were pre-frozen at -18°C for 6 months. Fish samples were obtained from two fish farms; A (Al-Batts drain) and B (El-Wadi drain), El-Fayoum governorate, Egypt. 16 components of PAHs concentration were determined by GC-MS. Results showed that the total concentration of PAHs recorded16.2 and 7.4 ppb sample of A- and B-smoked mullet fish products, respectively. Also, levels of Benzo [a] Pyrene (B {a} P) equivalent were 0.0378 and 0.029 ppb in A and B-products, respectively. Besides, content of Low molecular weight (LMW) components was higher in A-smoked mullet product than medium MW and vice versa in case B-smoked product however, high MW was not detected in products. In conclusion, PAHs concentration in smoked products processed from pre-frozen mullet samples for 6 months at -18°C are considered a minimally contaminated (16.2 ppb) for A-smoked product and not contaminated (7.4 ppb) for B-smoked product compared with recommended levels. In addition to the component of Benzo [a] Pyrene (B {a} P) was not detectable in all smoked fish products.
Abstract: The purpose of this work was to determine the concentration and risk assessment of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) in cold-smoked mullet fish samples which were pre-frozen at -18°C for 6 months. Fish samples were obtained from two fish farms; A (Al-Batts drain) and B (El-Wadi drain), El-Fayoum governorate, Egypt. 16 components of PAHs conce...
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Study of Acute Toxicity and the Effect of the Aqueous Extract of a Formulation of Three Edibles Mushrooms on Oxidative Stress Induced in Rats
Etoundi Omgba Cunégonde Blanche,
Kayo Tayou Cynthia Valère,
Mbang Mbarga Audrey Judith,
Piéme Constant Anatole
Issue:
Volume 3, Issue 1, March 2019
Pages:
6-13
Received:
13 February 2019
Accepted:
20 March 2019
Published:
15 May 2019
Abstract: Edible mushrooms, especially Pleurotus spp. contain a wide variety of biomolecules that can play a protective role against oxidative damage. We investigate the effect of formulation of the aqueous extract of three edibles mushrooms commonly consumed in Cameroon on oxidative stress induced in rats induced by lead acetate: Pleurotus pulmonarius, Pleurotus floridanus and Pleurotus sajor-caju. The formulation made of the three species (1w:1w:1w) were dissolved in distilled water for acute toxicity (at 2000 mg/kg of bw) and protective effect (at 400 mg/kg of bw for 21 days) against oxidative stress induced in vivo with lead acetate (35 mg/kg of bw for 3 days). Several parameters were investigated in the serum and organs homogenous such as lipid profile, hepatic and oxidative stress markers. No particular sign of toxicity of the extract were revealed. After lead administration, significant increases were found in serum transaminases activity, creatinine, and lipid profile associated with a decrease of serum protein content and High Density Lipoprotein. In addition, significant increase in lipid peroxidation expressed as the concentration of malondialdehyde (MDA) and decreased level of reduced glutathione (GSH), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) activities in serum, liver and kidney showed oxidative stress due to lead exposure. The pre-treatment with aqueous extract of the mushroom’s formulation showed protective effects against lead induced hepato-renal damage by improving antioxidant parameters, as well as ascorbic acid used as a reference. In conclusion, these mushrooms may be used as a natural source of antioxidants for food supplements against oxidative stress.
Abstract: Edible mushrooms, especially Pleurotus spp. contain a wide variety of biomolecules that can play a protective role against oxidative damage. We investigate the effect of formulation of the aqueous extract of three edibles mushrooms commonly consumed in Cameroon on oxidative stress induced in rats induced by lead acetate: Pleurotus pulmonarius, Pleu...
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Comparative of Proximate and Mineral Composition of Commercially-Available Millet Types in Katsina Metropolis, Nigeria
Shamsudeen Nassarawa Sanusi,
Salamatu Ahmad Sulaiman,
Hadiza Kabir Bako
Issue:
Volume 3, Issue 1, March 2019
Pages:
14-19
Received:
8 March 2019
Accepted:
22 April 2019
Published:
23 May 2019
Abstract: The study revealed a high nutritional quality and possible therapeutic effect of the studied millet varieties which are locally sourced and relatively cheaper source of food for a teeming population like ours. The millet varieties were obtained from the central market in Katsina state, Nigeria. The millet varieties (finger millet, pearl millet and fonio millet) were cleaned by washing in water, de-watered, sun dried, milled into flour and stored in sealed polythene bags. The results obtained from the studied millet varieties showed a protein content level within the range of (10.09%-10.85%), fat content level between the range (2.76%-4.43%), carbohydrate, fat and ash content between the range (71.56% - 73.18%), (2.23% - 3.24%) and (0.86% - 1.94%) respectively. The mineral composition showed it contained mineral elements of health importance, such as; phosphorus, calcium, potassium, sodium and magnesium as well as other minor elements such as copper, manganese, zinc and iron.
Abstract: The study revealed a high nutritional quality and possible therapeutic effect of the studied millet varieties which are locally sourced and relatively cheaper source of food for a teeming population like ours. The millet varieties were obtained from the central market in Katsina state, Nigeria. The millet varieties (finger millet, pearl millet and ...
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